100+ Logical Reasoning Questions and Answers for Competitive Exams - 1
Question: 1
In each questions below are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II.
Statements :
Some swords are sharp. All swords are rusty.
Conclusions :
I. Some rusty things are sharp.
II. Some rusty things are not sharp.
(A) if only conclusion I follows
(B) if only conclusion II follows
(C) if either conclusion I or II follows
(D) if neither conclusion I nor II follows
(E) if both conclusions I and II follow
Ans: A
Since one premise is particular, the conclusion must be particular and should not contain the middle term. So, I follows. Since both the premises are affirmative, the conclusion cannot be negative. Thus, II does not follow.
Question: 2
In each questions below are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II.
Statements :
All men are married. Some men are educated.
Conclusions :
I. Some married are educated.
II. Some educated are married.
(A) if only conclusion I follows
(B) if only conclusion II follows
(C) if either conclusion I or II follows
(D) if neither conclusion I nor II follows
(E) if both conclusions I and II follow
Ans: E
Since one premise is particular, the conclusion must be particular and should not contain the middle term. So, I follows . II is the converse of I and thus it also holds.
Question: 3
In each questions below are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II.
Statements :
Some adults are boys. Some boys are old.
Conclusions :
I. Some adults are not old.
II. Some boys are not old.
(A) if only conclusion I follows
(B) if only conclusion II follows
(C) if either conclusion I or II follows
(D) if neither conclusion I nor II follows
(E) if both conclusions I and II follow
Ans: D
Both the premises are I-type propositions and as such, the middle term boys is not distributed even once in the premises. So, no definite conclusions follows.
Question: 4
In each questions below are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II.
Statements :
Some books are tables. Some tables are mirrors.
Conclusions :
I. Some mirrors are books.
II. No book is mirror.
(A) if only conclusion I follows
(B) if only conclusion II follows
(C) if either conclusion I or II follows
(D) if neither conclusion I nor II follows
(E) if both conclusions I and II follow
Ans: C
Since both the premises are particular no definite conclusion follows. However, I and II involve only the extreme terms and form a complementary pair. Thus, either I or II follows.
Question: 5
In each questions below are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II.
Statements :
Raman is always successful. No fool is always successful.
Conclusions :
I. Raman is a fool.
II. Raman is not a fool.
(A) if only conclusion I follows
(B) if only conclusion II follows
(C) if either conclusion I or II follows
(D) if neither conclusion I nor II follows
(E) if both conclusions I and II follow
Ans: B
Since both the premises are universal and one premise is negative, the conclusion must be universal negative and should not contain the middle term. So, only II follows.
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